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1.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 31(4): 0-0, oct.-dic. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-769407

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la anemia hemolítica autoinmune (AHAI) constituye un cuadro clínico heterogéneo caracterizado por la existencia de autoanticuerpos contra antígenos presentes en la membrana de los eritrocitos del paciente que provocan el acortamiento de su vida media. Objetivo: conocer las características clínicas y de laboratorio de las anemias hemolíticas autoinmunes diagnosticadas en el centro. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de cohorte que incluyó 15 pacientes con el diagnóstico de AHAI en el Hospital Militar Central Dr. Carlos J. Finlay, entre enero de 2011 y diciembre de 2013. Resultados: el rango de edad de los pacientes estudiados fue de 34 a 75 años (mediana de 59 años); de ellos, 8 fueron del sexo femenino y 7 del masculino. El 87 por ciento presentó una AHAI idiopática y el 13 por ciento secundaria. Las secundarias se asociaron con lupus eritematoso sistémico (n = 1) y leucemia linfoide crónica de estirpe B (n = 1). Existió anemia grave de comienzo súbito en el 40 por ciento, e insidioso en el 60 por ciento, íctero en el 73 por ciento, esplenomegalia en el 13 por ciento y dolores articulares difusos en el 20 por ciento de los pacientes. La prueba de Coombs directa resultó positiva en 14 pacientes. Al mes de tratamiento con esteroides, el 33 por ciento presentó una respuesta completa, el 40 por ciento una respuesta parcial y el 27 por ciento no respondió. Conclusiones: este estudio muestra los hallazgos clínicos y de laboratorio de una pequeña serie de casos adultos con AHAI. La etiología primaria o idiopática fue la más frecuente pero se requiere evolucionar en el tiempo a los pacientes ya que esta entidad puede preceder la aparición de hemopatías malignas o enfermedades del colágeno(AU)


Introduction: autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a heterogeneous clinical picture characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against antigens present on the membrane of the patient's erythrocytes causing shortening of the average life. Objective: To determine the clinical and laboratory autoimmune hemolytic anemias diagnosed in our hospital. Methods: adescriptive, retrospective cohort study involving 15 patients with the diagnosis of AIHA was carried out at Dr. Carlos J. Finlay Central Military Hospital, between January, 2011 and December, 2013. Results: the mean age of the patients was 34 - 75 years (median 59 years), 8 were female and 7 male; 87 percent had idiopathic AIHA and 13 percent secondary AIHA. Secondary hemolytic anemias were associated with systemic lupus erythematosus SLE (n = 1) and B-cell chronic (n = 1) lymphoid leukemia. There was severe anemia (median Hb. 69 g / L) of sudden onset in 40 percent, insidious in 60 percent, jaundice in 73 percent, splenomegaly in 13 percent and diffuse joint pain in 20 percent of patients. The direct Coombs test was positive in 14 patients. After a month of steroid treatment, 33 percent had a complete response, 40 percent partial response and 27 percent did not respond. Conclusions: this study shows the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a small number of adults cases with AIHA findings. Primary or idiopathic etiology was the most frequent but evolve evolving patients over time it is required requires patients and that as this entity may precede the onset of hematological malignancies or collagen diseases(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/diagnosis , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/drug therapy , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies
3.
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-156336

ABSTRACT

Background. We prospectively studied the prevalence, type and causes of anaemia in newly diagnosed patients with lymphoid malignancies. Methods. Between January 2007 and June 2008, a total of 316 newly diagnosed, consecutive patients (aged 15 years or above) of Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia with anaemia (haemoglobin <11 g/dl), were analysed to determine the prevalence and a subgroup of 46 patients was analysed for the cause of anaemia. Results. Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia were the diagnoses in 81 (25.8%), 203 (64.7%) and 30 (9.6%) patients, respectively. Anaemia was present in 134 patients (42.4%). Anaemia of chronic disease was present in 33/46 (71.7%) and iron deficiency in 18/46 (39.1%) patients. Vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency was detected in 10/46 (21.7%) patients (B12 deficiency alone in 7, folate deficiency alone in 1 and combined B12 and folate deficiency in 2). Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia was detected in 5/46 (10.9%) although direct Coombs test was positive in 17/46 (37%) patients. Among patients with Hodgkin lymphoma and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, anaemia due to bone marrow involvement was present in 16/40 (40%). In most patients with bone marrow involvement, anaemia was due to other causes. In only 3 patients, anaemia was attributable to bone marrow involvement alone. Anaemia was multifactorial in 18/46 (39.1%) patients. Nutritional deficiency alone or in combination was present in 22/46 (47.8%) patients. Conclusion. Anaemia is common in lymphoid malignancies at initial presentation. Besides managing anaemia of chronic disease and bone marrow involvement, nutritional and autoimmune causes should be ruled out.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Anemia/epidemiology , Anemia/etiology , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/epidemiology , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/etiology , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/epidemiology , Bone Marrow/pathology , Female , Folic Acid Deficiency/complications , Hodgkin Disease/complications , Humans , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Vitamin B 12 Deficiency/complications , Young Adult
4.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 26(2): 77-81, Mayo-ago. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-584691

ABSTRACT

La anemia hemolítica autoinmune es la manifestación inmunológica más frecuente en la leucemia linfocítica crónica (LLC) y se presenta entre el 10-20 por ciento de los casos. Su prevalencia está relacionada con el estadio y progresión de esta hemopatía, así como con el estado mutacional de los genes de la región variable de la cadena pesada de las inmunoglobulinas. Los corticosteroides constituyen la primera línea de tratamiento en esta anemia hemolítica autoinmune, pero solo la tercera parte de los pacientes responden y logran una remisión duradera, mientras que otros requieren tratamientos de mantenimiento o alternativos. Recientemente, se ha demostrado la efectividad del rituximab en el tratamiento de la anemia hemolítica autoinmune refractaria a la terapéutica esteroidea, incluso en los pacientes asociados con LLC. Se expone nuestra experiencia con el esquema R-COP (rituximab, ciclofosfamida, vincristina, prednisona) en el tratamiento de un paciente con LLC en recaída y anemia hemolítica autoinmune, que después de 20 meses de concluido este esquema se mantiene en remisión completa.


The autoimmune hemolytic anemia is the more frequent immunologic manifestation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and it is present between 10-20 percent of cases. Its prevalence is related to stage and progression of this blood disease, as well as to mutation state of genes from the heavy chain variable region of immunoglobulins. The corticosteroids are the first line treatment in this autoimmune hemolytic anemia, but only the third part of patients responds and achieves a lasting remission, whereas others require support treatment or of alternative type. Recently, it has been shown the effectiveness of Rituximab in treatment of refractory autoimmune hemolytic anemia that after 20months of ended this scheme it is maintained in complete remission.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/epidemiology , Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/drug therapy , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/complications , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy , /therapeutic use , Case Reports
6.
In. Lopez Borrasca, Antonio; Arocha Piñango, Carmen; Campos Guerra, Celso; Pereira, Antonio; Pavlousky, Santiago; Ruiz Arguelles, Guillermo; San Miguel, Jesus. Enciclopedia Iberoamericana de Hematologia. Salamanca, Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, oct. 1992. p.439-55, tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-157263

ABSTRACT

Entre las anemias hemolíticas adquiridas destacan por sus características especiales, las originadas por procesos inmunológicos, es decir la resultante de la interacción de un anticuerpo contra su antígeno. A efectos de reunir las diferentes formas clínicas que constituyen este grupo, se han propuesto varias clasificaciones, y entre ellas hemos adoptado la que se muestra en las tablas incluidas en el trabajo


Subject(s)
Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune/epidemiology , Antibodies/adverse effects , Antibody Formation , Pharmaceutical Preparations/adverse effects
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